In german, there are four different forms or categories cases, called falle or kasus. There are also very few verbs in german that use genitive case. Variations of the in nominative and accusative forms. The accusative case abbreviated acc is a linguistics term for a grammatical case relating to how some languages typically mark a direct object of a transitive verb.
Thats why we say with him and not with he and for whom and not for who. In german, many words change their form or add different endings according to their function in a sentence. Certain german prepositions are governed by the accusative case. In german, prepositions can be followed by nouns in various cases. Luckily, youll need only to commit five accusative prepositions to memory. The noun is being indirectly affected by the action. The accusative case when the noun is the direct object, i. For example, in german, the following take the accusative case. The characteristics of an accusative case often entails such as in latin what generally is termed the nominative case. The nominative case is the base form of the noun and signals the subject of. The accusative case is usually used for a person or thing that is directly affected by the action. Nouns in german have various cases, depending on their relationship to the action of the sentence. Work with accusative and dative prepositions in german.
Except for the masculine gender, endings in the accusative case are exactly similar to those in the nominative case. You can learn more about cases in our lesson the 4 german cases. German cases accusative, dative, nominative and genitive. The first two pages have cloze practice for the nominative and accusative cases where students need to fill in various.
Once you know what they mean, using them is straightforward. Accusative case exercise 1 learn german online for free. This group is the biggest of these two cases because the vast majority of verbs take the accusative. Many verbs require accusative case, however there is a set of verbs that always takes the dative case. We recommend studying this tense with fluentus authentic content in addition to the exercises below for maximum effect. Theres the different endings for different word groups, then the question of which case to use with verbs and which case to use with prepositions.
A simple introduction to german nominative and accusative. M inanim and n nouns are the same in the nominative and accusative in both sg and pl. Indefinite articles type in articles and nouns in the accusative. Prepositions with the accusative and dative in german, prepositions determine the case of nouns and pronouns they occur with. Most of the german verbs require the direct object in the accusative case. The direct object of a sentence is always in the accusative case in german and will generally receive the action of the verb. This noun which is doing the action is the subject. This blog post is available as a convenient and portable pdf that. In english, we use word order to clarify which nouns are subjects, objects, and indirect objects. German grammar exercises about cases and declension. There is always only one subject in a sentence therefore only one nominative case. Type in the correct dependent possessive pronouns in the accusative form.
For example, they change depending on whether the word is the. Two of these cases are the nominative and the accusative. Misusing them frequently can cause serious confusion, and it sounds poor. Like the section about accusative case in a beginners book. These cases are the nominative, accusative, dative and genitive cases. In addition, german employs different cases to define and describe the noun, pronoun or adjective in the sentence. Because word order is freer in german grammar, we use the accusative case to mark the direct object in a sentence by using different personal pronouns and changing the ending of masculine possessive. There are only few intransitive verbs in the german language. An accusative preposition will always be followed by an object a noun or pronoun in the accusative case. The direct object is a person, animal or thing the action of the sentence is happening to, or being acted upon. The accusative case is the direct object of it i wear the hat.
Apart from prepositions, even dative verbs and accusative verbs determine which case to use. Work with accusative and dative prepositions in german youtube. Further making these prepositions easier to learn by rote. The accusative case is used when the noun is the direct object in the sentence. And overall its way too much to digest at once, so its broken down into little chunks. Select the correct form of the pronouns according to their gender and case. Online german accusative case exercises now that you have a basic idea of what the accusative tense is and how to spot it in context, it is time to practice.
The german accusative case is used when the nounpronoun is the direct object of the sentence, that is, the person or thing affected by the action or the verb. You have also learned personal pronouns in the nominative case ich, du, er, etc. In other words, when its the thing being affected or verbed in the sentence. Apr 02, 2015 the video begins with an introduction to the concept of the accusative case using english as an example, and then transitions over to a discussion of the accusative case in german. Because word order is freer in german grammar, we use the accusative case to mark the direct object in a sentence by using different personal pronouns and changing the ending of masculine possessive pronouns. As you know you can use the questions who wer or what was in the nominative case to find out what the subject of the sentence is. However, there are some german verbs that take the direct object in the dative case. Or a lecture about two way prepositions and which case to use. Accusative case declension of pronouns in german grammar. Prepositions with the accusative in german, prepositions determine the case of nouns and pronouns they occur with. After these prepositions, you need to use all articles, pronouns and adjectives in the accusative case. It is used for the thing or person receiving the direct action of a verb.
Exercises about the four cases and the endings of adjectives, articles, pronouns and nouns in accusative, dative, genitive and nominative. The accusative case, also the accusative object or direct object, follows certain verbs and prepositions. Sep 18, 2017 here is one of the most typical difficulties of learning german. What is the accusative case in german the accusative case is used as the direct object in the sentence and forms the answer to the questions. In this post im going to explain the most usual verbs and how to distinguish between these two cases. These cases are the nominative, accusative, dative and. The nominative case is the subject of the sentence the cat is small. The german accusative is used for the direct object of a sentence. The rest has to dress up in a different case as soon as it want to be part of a sentence. It might be accusative, it might be dative and it might be genitive although the genitive is a bit special and not all that useful for a beginner, and even less for someone who isnt learning german at all oh hey cpt.
And when a noun is in the accusative case, the words for the change a teeny tiny bit from the nominative. German accusative case learn german online for free. There are many ways, to break up the big topic cases into smaller chunks, but there is one thing that most textbooks. You probably have a few questions at the moment regarding the german accusative case, such as. Learn german prepositions accusative case verbs prepositions with free interactive flashcards. How the german cases work nominative, accusative, dative. Aug 31, 2012 practice exercises with accusative and dative prepositions in german.
Whenever you feel ready for a selfassessment, try answering these quiz and worksheet questions on the german accusative case. Prepositions with the dative case these prepositions will always use the dative case. Exercises to practice the nominative and accusative cases. Now that you have a basic idea of what the accusative tense is and how to spot it in context, it is time to practice. Cases one of the most important features of german is that you can tell what. German cases accusative, dative, nominative and genitive exercises. Ein journalist fragte vor kurzem ein jungen nach seinen hobbys. Among those languages, analogous marking principles often apply to the objects of some or all prepositions. Rewrite the sentences, replacing the underlined section with a personal. Also included in the article is a link to a printable reference sheet of the personal pronouns in.
Dative or accusative free exercise to learn german. The german cases explained in 5 steps i will teach you a. Also, notice that the endings shown here in the accusative direct object case are identical to those in the nominative subject case with the sole exception of the masculine gender derden. You can find the accusative noun in a sentence by asking the question what is being ed. Most prepositions are always used with the same case accusative, dative or genitive, but there is a group of common prepositions that are sometimes used with the accusative and sometimes with the dative. We will take on this german case through exercises pulled right out of the pages. Now that youve mastered the nominative, lets have a look at the german accusative. Continuing with the discussion of the grammatical gender and grammatical case of the german pronoun system, part two of this four part series explores the german pronouns in the accusative case.
F hardstem nouns take u in the sg and softstem nouns have i. In this example anna is the direct object, paul is the subject and loves is the action. New learners often confuse the accusative and dative cases in german. The accusative forms of the german pronouns are mich, dich, sie, ihn, sie, es, uns, euch, sie, and sie. The accusative case is also used after particular german prepositions.
In this list, you will find 20 common german dative verbs and exercise to practice dative verbs with personal pronouns. The questions for the accusative are whom wen or what was. M anim nouns take a genitivelike ending in the accusative sg and a regular nonanimate ending in the accusative pl that is, in the accusative pl, they look like inanimate nouns. The slightly harder part is learning what each preposition means, because there is not always a onetoone literal. Following are a few examples of the accusative case. So, what about the second of the german grammatical cases. Choose from 500 different sets of german prepositions accusative case verbs prepositions flashcards on quizlet. Most prepositions are always used with the same case accusative, dative or genitive, but there is a group of common prepositions that are sometimes. Prepositions can take the accusative case when studying other languages, you might also encounter a list of prepositions which take the accusative case. Unfortunately, i have to let you know that your knowledge isnt quite complete. Accusative case exercise 1 select the correct form of the pronouns according to their gender and case.
The accusative can be an object a person a pronoun this table shows you some examples how to ask for the accusative case in german. The nominative case in german is used for the subject of the sentence. How can i identify the direct object of a sentence. To sum up, the accusative case, refers to nouns or pronouns used as direct objects of verbs. Verbs with accusative or dative case in german german. The nominative case is usually used for a person or thing which is doing the action. The cases are an important part of german grammar as they are responsible for the endings of adjectives, indefinite articles and when to use which personal pronoun.
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